Forged crankshafts are usually made of high-strength alloy steel, and their surfaces are usually processed by heat treatment, hardening treatment, and other processing methods to improve their wear resistance. This wear resistance can effectively reduce crankshaft wear during prolonged high-speed rotation, while also enabling the vehicle to better adapt to various working environments.
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Advantages of Forged crankshaft

1、 High strength

Forged crankshaft is a high-strength component that needs to withstand the high pressure and high speed generated by vehicle engines. This high strength is due to the fact that the forged crankshaft undergoes multiple heat treatments and thermal deformation processes during the manufacturing process, resulting in refined grain size, improved mechanical properties, and better durability.

2、 Fatigue resistance

Forged crankshaft has certain elasticity and crack resistance, and is not easily broken during long-term high-speed rotation. Therefore, forged crankshafts have excellent wear resistance and durability in high frequency and high speed working environments.

3、 Wear resistance

Forged crankshafts are usually made of high-strength alloy steel, and their surfaces are usually processed by heat treatment, hardening treatment, and other processing methods to improve their wear resistance. This wear resistance can effectively reduce crankshaft wear during prolonged high-speed rotation, while also enabling the vehicle to better adapt to various working environments.

A ball joint is used for allowing free rotation in two planes at the same time while preventing translation in any direction,including rotating in those planes. Combining two such joints with control arms enables motion in all three planes, allowing the front end of an automobile to be steered and a spring and shock (damper) suspension to make the ride comfortable.

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In an automobile, ball joints are spherical bearings that connect the control arms to the steering knuckles, and are used on virtually every automobile made. They bionically resemble the ball-and-socket joints found in most tetrapod animals.

A ball joint consists of a bearing stud and socket enclosed in a casing; all these parts are made of steel.The bearing stud is tapered and threaded, and fits into a tapered hole in the steering knuckle. A protective encasing prevents dirt from getting into the joint assembly. Usually, this is a rubber-like boot that allows movement and expansion of lubricant. Motion-control ball joints tend to be retained with an internal spring, which helps to prevent vibration problems in the linkage.

The "offset" ball joint provides means of movement in systems where thermal expansion and contraction, shock, seismic motion, and torsional motions, and forces are present.

On modern vehicles, joints are the pivot between the wheels and the suspension of an automobile. They are today almost universally used in the front suspension, having replaced the kingpin/link pin or kingpin/trunnion arrangement, but can also be found in the rear suspension of a few higher-performance autos. Ball joints play a critical role in the safe operation of an automobile's steering and suspension.

Many currently manufactured automobiles worldwide use MacPherson strut suspension, which utilises one ball joint per side, between the lower end of the strut and the control arm, with the necessary small amount of articulation at the top of the strut being usually provided by an elastomeric bearing, within which is a ball bearing to allow free rotation about the steering axis. So, there are commonly only two ball joints in the suspension, however there will be at least four (track rod ends and rack ends) in the steering linkage.

Forge's steel forgings are built to meet aviation industry specifications and standards for its advantages. Our unique parts optimization capabilities are particularly important to this sector and its “zero failure” tolerances. At the same time, our diverse client base benefits from the processes and practices designed to address the aerospace universe. At CT Forge, process control is paramount, resulting in more value-added products and services for our customers. Our steel forgings are used in below industrial applications: Aerospace Automotive Burners Defense Electronics Farm Machinery Food & Beverage Heavy Machinery Industrial Machine Tool Medical Tools Military Mining Nuclear Oil & Gas Optics Packaging Petroleum Power Generation Pressure Vessel Pumps Recreation Valves
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Properties of Steel Forgings

Strong & Durable : Steel forgings have a generally higher strength and are typically tougher than steel processed in other fashions. The steel is less likely to shatter on contact with other objects for example, making forged steel highly suitable for items such as swords. This increased strength and durability is a result of the way in which the steel is forced into shape — by pressing or by hammering — during the forging process. The steel’s grain is stretched by this process, and ends up aligned in one direction, as opposed to being random. Following the pressing or hammering, the forging is cooled in water or oil. By the end of the process, the steel is stronger than it would have been had it been cast, for example.
Anisotropic: A steel forging’s strength isn’t consistent all the way through; instead, steel forgings are anisotropic, which means when the metal is worked on and deformation occurs, the steel’s strength is greatest in the direction of the resulting grain flow. This results in steel forgings which are strongest along their longitudinal axis, while in other directions, the forging will be weaker. This differs from steel castings, which are isotropic and therefore have almost identical properties in all directions.
Consistency Between Forgings: Since the process of forging is controlled and deliberate, with each forging undergoing the same steps, it’s typically possible to ensure a consistent material over the course of many different forgings. This is in contrast to cast steel, which is more random in nature due to the processes used.
Limit on Size: During the forging process, it’s more difficult to shape the metal, since forging occurs while the steel is still solid, unlike in casting where the metal has been reduced to its liquid form as part of the process. Since the metallurgist working with the steel will have more difficulty altering the metal’s shape, there’s a limit on the size and the thickness of the steel which can be successfully forged. The larger the metal section being worked on, the harder it is to forge.

Alloy Steel (20Cr, 20CrMo, 30CrMo, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, etc): Alloy steels encompass a wide range of iron-based metals which contain higher levels of chromium that do not exceed 3.99%. Metals that contain greater amounts of chromium are classified either as tool steels or stainless steels. Alloy steels vary in their alloying elements which determine the properties of a particular material.
Detail Information
Properties of Steel Forgings

Strong & Durable : Steel forgings have a generally higher strength and are typically tougher than steel processed in other fashions. The steel is less likely to shatter on contact with other objects for example, making forged steel highly suitable for items such as swords. This increased strength and durability is a result of the way in which the steel is forced into shape — by pressing or by hammering — during the forging process. The steel’s grain is stretched by this process, and ends up aligned in one direction, as opposed to being random. Following the pressing or hammering, the forging is cooled in water or oil. By the end of the process, the steel is stronger than it would have been had it been cast, for example.
Anisotropic: A steel forging’s strength isn’t consistent all the way through; instead, steel forgings are anisotropic, which means when the metal is worked on and deformation occurs, the steel’s strength is greatest in the direction of the resulting grain flow. This results in steel forgings which are strongest along their longitudinal axis, while in other directions, the forging will be weaker. This differs from steel castings, which are isotropic and therefore have almost identical properties in all directions.
Consistency Between Forgings: Since the process of forging is controlled and deliberate, with each forging undergoing the same steps, it’s typically possible to ensure a consistent material over the course of many different forgings. This is in contrast to cast steel, which is more random in nature due to the processes used.
Limit on Size: During the forging process, it’s more difficult to shape the metal, since forging occurs while the steel is still solid, unlike in casting where the metal has been reduced to its liquid form as part of the process. Since the metallurgist working with the steel will have more difficulty altering the metal’s shape, there’s a limit on the size and the thickness of the steel which can be successfully forged. The larger the metal section being worked on, the harder it is to forge.

Hot die forging is a type of forging process technology, which generally refers to the precision forging method of heating a metal blank to a temperature higher than the recrystallization temperature of the material, and using a mold to plastic form the metal blank into the shape and size of the forging.

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Forging materials:ASTM1035，ASTM1045，ASTM1021，ASTM1040，ASTM1320/20Mn2，ASTM1340/40Mn2，ASTM5120/20Cr，ASTM5140/40Cr，ASTM4119/20CrMo，ASTM4140/42CrMo，ASTM4135/35CrMo，ASTM4340/40CrNiMo，ST52-3/Q355/16Mn
Forging Method:Closed die forging,Warm forging,Roll ring forging.
OEM No:Customized
Weight:1-100KGS
Dimension:Customized
Certificates:ISO/TS16949
Heat treatment:Normalizing,Quenching and tempering
Test:Magnetic Powder Defects Test, Hardness Test, Dimension Test